리눅스 파일, 디렉토리 명령어(linux file/directory command) 1. basic

1. file & directory

1-1 file vs directory

• file: data container
• directory: specific file that contain file

   therefore, file $\subset$ directroy

1-2 filename

• Available: alphabet, number, ‘-‘, ‘_’, ‘.’
• Forbidden: / (for delimiter between file/directory objects)

1-3 wildcard

• ?    like $x$ (unknown) character, match with single char

	match	mismatch
c?	c1 c2 ca	ac cat

• [ ]

   match with char in [ ]

	match	mismatch
c[aeio]	ca ce ci co	cb ct
c[a-d]	ca cb cc cd	ce cf
c[a-e][0-9]	ca0 ce0	cf0 cA-

• *

   match all string(including no char)

*	all files
f*	all files started with 'f'
*f	all files ended with 'f'
*.*	all files contained '.'

1-4 absolute vs relative path

• absolute path

    - start from root(/) directory

    - pathname started with ‘/’

• relative path

    - start from working directory

    - pathname not started with ‘/’

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2. print working directory

pwd

3. list directory

ls

* options:

-l	long format
-a	all file
-i	inode number
-F	append File indicator
-R	Recursively
-r	reverse

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4. touch

touch file

• if file don’t exist: create file

• if file exist: change atime, mtime, ctime

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5. change directory

cd pathname

availabel absolute/relative pathname

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6. make directory

mkdir dirname

* options:

	mnemonic	command	functioning
-m	mode #	mkdir -m 700 dir1	create directory name: "dir1" with mode 700
-p	parent	mkdir -p dir1/dir2/..	create directory dir1, dir2, .. └ dir1  └ dir2   └ ..

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7. remove directory

rmdir dirname